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Since I started espresso 9-10 years ago I have never bothered with time/volume/ratios. If you're a stickler for 'Italian rules' or need to rely on that to get you in the ballpark then have at it. Once the puck has given up all the good it has to offer that's it regardless of what you end up with.
The only thing I have ever weighed/measured is my dose and rely on taste, texture, color, flow to determine changes needed. I understand not everybody is that in tune with the equipment/process, but I have been for years. Some people seem to think you must chase numbers to get things right and maybe some can't figure it out any other way. I like to keep espresso what it is... skill, art form and scientific.
Same approach I take with home roasting... some like to use software to track/control the process, but not me. I take a seat-of-the-pants approach with every batch and watch/control it with an eagle eye. The end result speaks for itself time and time again. Have done well over 200 batches in 1.5 years now and plan to never buy roasted coffee again.
I agree with that as I don't like to say 'shot' either and prefer to call it a double extraction. Never bothered with singles as they're more trouble than they're worth, requiring a finer grind, more attention to distribution/very even/level tamping, etc. due to the difference in basket design/taper. In that case I'd recommend just pulling the double a bit short. Of course some will claim that leads to an unbalanced extraction, but who cares, lmao?!? I always go against the grain on everything as it keeps things interesting. I have never cared what the next guy does to begin with.
Regarding your dose/basket... it's best to use a maximum amount in the basket while having a bit of headspace, which varies with machines. Trying to use less of a dose to save coffee, make the extraction weaker, etc. tends to throw things off quite a bit.
Main thing with a traditional cappuccino is getting the milk aerated/textured. Some like thick wet foam, some like it very dry...